True Monoliths as Separation Media : Homogeneous Gels for Electrophoresis and Electrochromatography in the Capillary and Microchip Modes

Sammanfattning: The thesis focuses on the development of new homogeneous gels for the separation of drug enantiomers, peptides, DNA and virus by electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips. This type of separation media offers high resolution and small zone broadening. Compared to particulate beds the resolution in this type of separation media is high because the eddy diffusion is zero and the resistance to mass transfer is small, since the diffusional distance between two polymer chains in the gel is considerably shorter than that between two beads in a packed bed.The gels have been characterized in terms of plate heights, plate numbers, resolution, etc. Gels of agarose, polyvinyl alcohol, albumin and polyacrylamide have been employed for electrochromatography or electrophoresis. N,N’-methylene-bisacrylamide, the most widely used crosslinker in polyacrylamide gels, was exchanged for allyl-β-cyclodextrin to get a multi-purpose gel, i.e., a separation medium the separation properties of which is determined not only by the polyacrylamide chains, but also by β-cyclodextrin with its complexation power.A cost-effective, hybrid microdevice has been designed for fast electrophoretic and electrochromatographic analyses as well as for microchromatography. It consists of a fused silica capillary mounted on a supporting plate which integrates most of the compartments necessary for automation and sensitive detection at short UV wavelengths.