Sökning: "pancreatic beta cell"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 154 avhandlingar innehållade orden pancreatic beta cell.

1. 1. Pancreatic extracellular communication. Applications to beta cell cultures and islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation

   Författare :Diana Ribeiro; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; in vitro pancreatic models; induced pluripotent stem cells; stem cell differentiation; insulin; 3D-culture; extracellular vesicles; glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; islet amyloid polypeptide; type 2 diabetes mellitus; extracellular matrix; adipose-derived stem cells; Diabetes mellitus; protein aggregation;

   Sammanfattning : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease with epidemic proportions due to increased incidences worldwide, persistence of undiagnosed cases, uncontrolled forms of the disease, association with cardiovascular complications, and lack of definitive treatment options. In particular, type 2 DM (T2DM) is placing an enormous financial burden on worldwide healthcare systems that will increase in the futureThere is a need to develop physiological assay platforms that provide functionally relevant models of diabetes in order to accelerate the discovery of new treatments. LÄS MER

3. 2. Studies of neuropeptides in pancreatic beta cell function with special emphasis on islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP)

   Författare :Ella Karlsson; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Cell biology; alpha cell; amylin; beta cell; chromogranin; growth; IAPP; insulin; islet amyloid polypeptide; leptin; NOD mice; pancreastatin; pancreatic islet; proliferation; Cellbiologi; Cell biology; Cellbiologi; medicinsk cellbiologi; Medical Cell Biology;

   Sammanfattning : The presence of protein amyloid in pancreas and its association to diabetes was first described 100 years ago in 1901, but was not identified as Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP) until 1986. The aim of the present work was to determine the role of the beta cell hormone, IAPP, in normal pancreatic islet physiology and during early disturbances of islet function. LÄS MER

4. 3. Frk/Shb Signalling in Pancreatic Beta-cells : Roles in Islet Function, Beta-cell Development and Survival as Implicated in Mouse Knockout Models

   Författare :Björn Åkerblom; Michael Welsh; Hindrik Mulder; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Medical cell biology; Medicinsk cellbiologi; medicinsk cellbiologi; Medical Cell Biology;

   Sammanfattning : The adaptor protein Shb and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Frk have been implicated in intracellular signalling in insulin-producing beta cells. In this thesis, knockout mice are used to further elucidate the role of Shb and Frk for beta cell number, cytokine-induced cell death, and glucose homeostasis. LÄS MER

5. 4. Studies of individual pancreatic -cells : Electrophysiological analysis of rhythmic behaviour and development of new techniques

   Författare :Staffan Dryselius; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Cell biology; Diabetes; pancreatic beta-cells; insulin release; signal transduction; cytoplasmic calcium; oscillations; patch clamp; ATP-regulated potassium channels; voltage-dependent calcium channels; metabolism; calcium ion; strontium ion; manganese ion; wavelets; de-noising; pattern recognition; superfusion; solution changes; microscopic labelling; Cellbiologi; Cell biology; Cellbiologi; medicinsk cellbiologi; Medical Cell Biology;

   Sammanfattning : The insulin concentration in blood varies periodically, which is believed to prevent down-regulation of the hormone receptors. Loss of the regular insulin oscillations is considered to be an early sign of developing diabetes. LÄS MER

7. 5. Maf transcription factors in beta cell function

   Författare :Elvira Ganic; Stamcellscentrum (SCC); []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Beta cell; MafA; type 2 diabetes; insulin secretion; transcription; monoamine oxidase; MaoA; MaoB; nicotinic receptor subunits; nAChRs;

   Sammanfattning : Diabetes mellitus is metabolic disorder caused by a defect or lack of beta cell-produced insulin that controls blood glucose homeostasis. In addition to glucose, insulin secretion is regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS); the neurotransmitter acetylcholine as well as monoamines, such as dopamine, serotonin, melatonin and norepinephrine. LÄS MER