Sökning: "dermal uptake"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 16 avhandlingar innehållade orden dermal uptake.

  1. 1. Experimental and Clinical Studies on Contact Allergy to Diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate and Related Substances

    Författare :Haneen Hamada; Yrkes- och miljödermatologi; []
    Nyckelord :4; 4′-MDI; freund s complete adjuvant; Guinea pig maximization test; 4; 4 -MDA; 4; 4 -DMDA; 4; 4 -DMDI; PPD; p-phenylenediamine; 2; 4-TDI; Toluene diisocyanate; trimer; FCA; Cross-reactivity; dermal uptake; contact allergy; contact dermatitis;

    Sammanfattning : The exposure to isocyanates is more of an occupational problem than a consumer problem. The main route of exposure is assumed to be through inhalation. Isocyanates that have high vapor pressure, such as TDI, can be airborne at room temperature. Other isocyanates such as MDI are volatile only when heated. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Analysis, metabolism, effects and biological monitoring of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone

    Författare :Martin Carnerup; Avdelningen för arbets- och miljömedicin; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Yrkesmedicin; arbetsmiljömedicin; industrial medicine; Occupational health; developmental toxicity; biomarkers; metabolsim; N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; dermal absorption;

    Sammanfattning : N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic solvent widely used in the industry. Irritation of the eyes and in the respiratory system has been reported after occupational exposure to low air levels of NMP. The EU has also classified it as a developmental toxicant. NMP is easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and airways and through skin. LÄS MER

  4. 3. Metal Particles – Hazard or Risk? Elaboration and Implementation of a Research Strategy from a Surface and Corrosion Perspective

    Författare :Klara Midander; Inger Odnevall Wallinder; Sannakaisa Virtanen; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; ferro-chromium alloy; metal particles; bioaccessibility; chemical speciation; dermal contact; surface oxide; in-vitro testing; chemical speciation; cu; copper; comet assay; intracellular; ultrafine; in vitro; A549; cytotoxicity; DNA damage; nanoparticles; particle characterization; artificial sweat; nickel release; nickel powder particles; particle loadings; release kinetics; surface area; copper release; powder particles; synthetic body fluids; simulation of interstitial lung conditions; skin contact; metal release; stainless steel; particles; test method; Surface and colloid chemistry; Yt- och kolloidkemi; Analytical chemistry; Analytisk kemi; Spectroscopy; Spektroskopi;

    Sammanfattning : Do metal particles (including particles of pure metals, alloys, metal oxides and compounds) pose a hazard or risk to human health? In the light of this question, this thesis summarizes results from research conducted on metal particles, and describes the elaboration and implementation of an in vitro test methodology to study metal release from particles through corrosion and dissolution processes in synthetic biological media relevant for human exposure through inhalation/ingestion and dermal contact. Bioaccessible metals are defined as the pool of released metals from particles that potentially could be made available for absorption by humans or other organisms. LÄS MER

  5. 4. A new technique to assess dermal absorption of chemical vapor in vitro by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

    Författare :Matias Rauma; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :;

    Sammanfattning : There is a huge lack of dermal uptake data for chemicals, and it is frequent with large variations in reported permeability coefficients for chemicals with more than one data set, showing the need for a new and standardized in vitro method. The overall aim of this thesis was to develop the new method of measuring dermal absorption of chemical vapor using the TGA method. LÄS MER

  7. 5. Assessing human exposure to phthalates, alternative plasticizers and organophosphate esters

    Författare :Tuong Thuy Bui; Ian T. Cousins; Andrew Sweetman; Stockholms universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Human exposure; phthalates; organophosphates; plasticizers; flame retardants; modelling; Applied Environmental Science; tillämpad miljövetenskap;

    Sammanfattning : Phthalate esters (PEs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) are common indoor pollutants frequently detected in environmental (dust, air), personal (hand wipes, diet) and human matrices (urine, serum etc.). LÄS MER