Sökning: "allometry"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 11 avhandlingar innehållade ordet allometry.

1. 1. Why and how brain size evolves : Sociality, predation and allometry

   Författare :Wouter van der Bijl; Niclas Kolm; Joah Madden; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; brain size; brain size evolution; encephalization; predation; predator inspection; sociality; animal contest; constraint; etologi; Ethology;

   Sammanfattning : The evolution of the vertebrate brain has remained a topic of intense interest from biologists over many decades. Evolutionary biologists have seen it as an intriguing example of how the size and structure of a trait evolves across large phylogenies and under body size constraints, with both large shifts in deep evolutionary time and continuous smaller scale adaptation. LÄS MER

3. 2. Multivariate Aspects of Phylogenetic Comparative Methods

   Författare :Krzysztof Bartoszek; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; General Linear Model; Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process; Multivariate phylogenetic comparative method; Evolutionary model; Adaptation; Optimality; Measurement error; Regression; Adaptation; Major-axis regression; Reduced major-axis regression; Structural equation; Allometry; Phylogenetic inertia; Allometry;

   Sammanfattning : his thesis concerns multivariate phylogenetic comparative methods. We investigate two aspects of them. The first is the bias caused by measurement error in regression studies of comparative data. We calculate the formula for the bias and show how to correct for it. LÄS MER

4. 3. How the sensory ecology of the bumblebee affects their functional traits

   Författare :Vun Wen Jie; Emily Baird; Mikael Carlsson; Martin How; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Bumblebee; functional morphological traits; intraspecific differences; allometry; DRA; micro-CT; co-existence; Functional Zoomorphology; funktionell zoomorfologi;

   Sammanfattning : Morphological traits are important for trait-based ecological studies as they allow for the prediction of biodiversity across the biosphere. Currently, the predictive power of trait-based ecology is not often applied to terrestrial arthropods, even though they provide us with important agricultural, ecological, and cultural value. LÄS MER

5. 4. Aspects of locomotor evolution in the Carnivora (Mammalia)

   Författare :Ki Andersson; Lars E. Holmer; Lars Werdelin; Margaret E. Lewis; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Morphology; Mammalia; Carnivora; Locomotion; Cranial; Elbow joint; Morphology; Morphometrics; Landmarks; Multivariate statistics; Allometry; Ecomorphology; Dental; Body size; Morfologi; Morphology; cell biology; pathology; Morfologi; cellbiologi; patologi;

   Sammanfattning : In this thesis, the shape of the distal humerus trochlea is analysed using landmark-based morphometrics and multivariate methods, with the aim of exploring locomotor evolution in carnivorans. Elbow joint morphology is used together with body size and craniodental morphology to characterize past and present carnivorans. LÄS MER

7. 5. Adaptation and Constraint in the Plant Reproductive Phase

   Författare :Kjell Bolmgren; Ove Eriksson; Bengt Oxelman; Jeff Ollerton; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; phenology; fleshy fruits; phylogenetic comparative methods; phylogenetic constraints; Rhamnus; Frangula; Frangula alnus; key innovations; allometry; diversity; phylogeny; seed size; frugivory; germination; recruitment; Terrestrial; freshwater and marine ecology; Terrestisk; limnisk och marin ekologi;

   Sammanfattning : Conservatism is a central theme of organismic evolution. Related species share characteristics due to their common ancestry. Some concern have been raised among evolutionary biologists, whether such conservatism is an expression of natural selection or of a constrained ability to adapt. LÄS MER