Sökning: "Selectivity criterion"

Hittade 4 avhandlingar innehållade orden Selectivity criterion.

  1. 1. EC State aid rules : An analysis of the selectivity criterion

    Författare :Mona Aldestam; Nils Mattsson; Torbjörn Andersson; Piet J. Slot; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; European law; EC State aid; Taxation; Derogation; Benchmark; Norm; Selectivity criterion; Justifications; Europarätt; European law; EU-rätt; Jurisprudence; Allmän rättslära;

    Sammanfattning : The application of Art. 87(1) EC to taxes above all is connected to the application of the derogation method, which appears to be part of the selectivity criterion. This dissertation examines the application of the derogation method and the assessment of the selectivity criterion applied to taxes, primarily de lege lata, but also de lege ferenda. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Computer-Assisted Organic Synthesis. Addition to Carbonyl Carbons and Aromatic Substitution

    Författare :Ingvar Lagerstedt; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; CAOS; torsional strain; selectivity; aromatic substitution reaction;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis concerns the computer-assisted modelling of additions to ketones and aromatic substitution, and how this modelling can be used within an existing program for synthesis planning. I include a review of existing computer-assisted organic synthesis (CAOS) programs, and discuss how some of these programs deal with knowledge representation. LÄS MER

  4. 3. Analytical studies of morphine and related substances using LC-MS/MS

    Författare :Maria Andersson; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :;

    Sammanfattning : Morphine is considered to be metabolized in three distinct metabolic pathways; glucuronidation, sulfation and N-demetylation. However, identification of morphine-3-sulfate (M3S) and morphine-6-sulfate (M6S) as morphine metabolites has not been convincing according to previous literature due to lack of reliable reference material and identification based on thin layer chromatography. LÄS MER

  5. 4. Hybrid Solvents based on Ionic Liquids/Deep Eutectic Solvents for CO2 Separation : Experiments, Modeling, Process Simulation and Evaluation

    Författare :Chunyan Ma; Xiaoyan Ji; Päivi Mäki-Arvela; Luleå tekniska universitet; []
    Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; CO2 separation; Ionic liquids; Deep eutectic solvents; Cosolvent; Thermodynamic modeling; Process simulation and evaluation; Energiteknik; Energy Engineering;

    Sammanfattning : CO2 separation plays a vital role in reducing CO2 emissions to combat climate change, in which solvent-based absorption is widely considered the most promising technology. Many conventional chemical and physical solvents have been introduced for CO2 separation, still facing challenges. LÄS MER