Sökning: "Marginal effects"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 202 avhandlingar innehållade orden Marginal effects.

1. 1. Transport and environment incentive policy instruments : effects and interactions

   Författare :Xing Liu; Lars Hultkrantz; James Odeck; Örebro universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; Congestion pricing; Equity effects; Modal choice; Social marginal cost; Externalities; Transport taxation; Carbon tax; Carbon leakage; Computable General Equilibrium Model; VTTS; Simultaneous decision model; Random utility model; Logistics cost minimization; Additionality; Klimp; Climate subsidy program; Subsidy; CDM; Business Studies; Företagsekonomi;

   Sammanfattning : This dissertation studies issues related to the evaluation of the effects and interactions of transport and environmental incentive policy instruments. Essay 1: Green cars sterilize congestion charges: a model analysis of the reduced impact of Stockholm road tolls calibrates a modal-choice model with data from the Stockholm road toll and uses it to study the sensitivity of congestion toll effects to some seemly subtle changes in the toll system design and external circumstances. LÄS MER

3. 2. Essays on Microeconometrics and Immigrant Assimilation

   Författare :Alpaslan Akay; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; Average marginal effect; Marginal effect of the average individual; Employment and earnings assimilation; Quasi-fixed effects approach; Initial value problem; Dynamic censored random-effects model; Monte Carlo experiment; Heckman’s approximation; Simple method of Wooldridge; Dynamic random-effects sample-selection model; wage-curve method;

   Sammanfattning : Paper I. Asymptotic bias reduction for a conditional marginal effects estimator in sam- ple selection models. In this article we discuss the di¤erences between the average marginal effect and the mar- ginal effect of the average individual in sample selection models, estimated by the Heck- man procedure. LÄS MER

4. 3. Equity in welfare evaluations : the rationale for and effects of distributional weighting

   Författare :Gunnel Bångman; Lars Hultkrantz; Fredrik Carlsson; Örebro universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; weighted cost-benefit analysis; equity; distributional weights; social welfare; income distribution; risk aversion; social marginal value of income; altruism; paternalism; marginal utility of income; social inequality aversion; stated preferences; Economics; Nationalekonomi; Economics; Nationalekonomi;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis addresses the issue of weighted cost-benefit analysis (WCBA). WCBA is a welfare evaluation model where income distribution effects are valued by distributional weighting. The method was developed already in the 1970s. The interest in and applications of this method have increased in the past decade, e. LÄS MER

5. 4. Green consumption energy use and carbon dioxide emission

   Författare :Eva Alfredsson; Einar Holm; Neil Swan; Kerstin Westin; Umeå universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; Social and economic geography; Energy consumption; Carbon dioxide emission; Energy intensity; Carbon intensity; Life cycle assessment; Consumption patterns; Lifestyles; Systems analysis; Microsimulation modelling; Demography; Sustainability; Rebound effects; Substitution effects; Kulturgeografi; Human geography; Kulturgeografi; Social and Economic Geography; kulturgeografi;

   Sammanfattning : The aim of this thesis is to explore the quantitative potential to reduce energy requirements and CO2 emissions through changed patterns of consumption, given unchanged levels of consumption expenditure. The thesis question is analysed using a systems analysis approach which in this case means that life cycle assessment data on energy requirements and CO2 emissions related to household consumption are combined with a financial and behavioural analysis to make sure that the budget constraint is kept and that both the first and second order effects of adopting a green consumption pattern are analysed. LÄS MER

7. 5. Mixture Effects of Environmental Contaminants

   Författare :Erik Lampa; Monica Lind; Jonas Björk; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Mixtures; Environmental Contaminants; Atherosclerosis; Metabolic Syndrome; Boosting; Epidemiology;

   Sammanfattning : Chemical exposure in humans rarely consists of a single chemical. The everyday exposure is characterized by thousands of chemicals mainly present at low levels. Despite that fact, risk assessment of chemicals is carried out on a chemical-by-chemical basis although there is a consensus that this view is too simplistic. LÄS MER