Sökning: "Boiling point elevation"

Hittade 5 avhandlingar innehållade orden Boiling point elevation.

1. 1. Viscosity and boiling point elevation of black liquor from the lignin extraction process and the modification of extracted lignin

   Författare :Ali Seid Moosavifar; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; Boiling point elevation; viscosity; Lignin precipitation; Black liquor; black liquor properties; evaporation characteristic; combustion of lignin; Lignin; calcium addition to lignin; alkalisation of black liquor; lignin modification; lignin fuel;

   Sammanfattning : .... LÄS MER

3. 2. Thermodynamic modelling of black liquor-related solutions. Pitzer method for estimating activities, solubilities and boiling point rise

   Författare :Marta Anna Bialik; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; activity coefficient; black liquor; boiling point rise elevation ; osmotic coefficient; solubility; Pitzer method; sodium sulphate dicarbonate; burkeite;

   Sammanfattning : Black liquor is considered as being one of the most important process streams as far as the design and optimization of kraft pulp mills are concerned. Many methods have been developed in order to describe and, possibly, predict its physico-chemical properties. Most of them are, however, empirical methods that are difficult to generalize. LÄS MER

4. 3. Extraction of Metal Values : Thermodynamics of Electrolyte Solutions and Molten Salts Extraction Process

   Författare :Xinlei Ge; Seshadri Seetharaman; Katsunori Yamaguchi; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; Electrolyte solutions; activity coefficient; osmotic coefficient; freezing point depression; boiling point elevation; Materials science; Teknisk materialvetenskap;

   Sammanfattning : Over the past centuries, a number of process routes for extraction of metal values from an ore or other resources have been developed. These can generally be classifiedinto pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical or electrometallurgical routes. LÄS MER

5. 4. Lignin Extraction from Black Liquor - Properties of the Liquors and Sulphur Content in the Lignin

   Författare :Ali Seid Moosavifar; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; heat-treatment; lignin precipitation; boiling point elevation; lignin; alkalisation; biofuel; properties; viscosity; Black liquor; combustion of lignin; lignin modification; viscosity correlations.;

   Sammanfattning : Kraft lignin isolated by precipitation can be considered as being a valuable renewable source of energy and material. Removing lignin from black liquor is also advantageous as it decreases the load on the recovery boiler, which is usually the limiting factor in the production of kraft pulp. LÄS MER

7. 5. Model for activity coefficients and solubilities of Na2CO3 and Na2SO4 in high-temperature solutions

   Författare :Marta Anna Bialik; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; scaling; Pitzer model; activity coefficient; solubility; sodium carbonate; sodium sulfate; boiling point raise; double salt; solid solution; burkeite;

   Sammanfattning : Scaling of sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate double salts has long been recognized as a problem in the black liquor evaporation process. These salts are abundant in black liquor and often tend to precipitate on heat transfer areas, thereby significantly decreasing the heat transfer efficiency. LÄS MER