Form and Finish of Implants in Uncemented Hip Arthroplasty Effects of Different Shapes and Surface Treatments on Implant Stability

Detta är en avhandling från Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis

Författare: Stergios Lazarinis; Uppsala Universitet.; [2013]

Nyckelord: MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Form; Finish; Total hip arthroplasty; Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register; Hydroxyapatite; RSA; DXA; BMD; Stability.; Orthopaedics; Ortopedi;

Sammanfattning: The design of an uncemented hip arthroplasty implant affects its long-term survival. Characteristics such as the form and the finish of the implant are crucial in order to achieve the best possible conditions for long-term implant survival. In this thesis we hypothesized that different shapes of stems and cups used in primary and revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), and their finish with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating affect implant stability and thus long-term survival.In 2 prospective cohort studies the clinical outcome, the stability measured with radiostereometric analysis (RSA), and the periprosthetic changes in bone mineral density (BMD) measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were investigated in 2 uncemented THA implants – the CFP stem and the TOP cup. In 3 register studies the effect of HA coating on uncemented THA implants used in primary and revision arthroplasty was investigated.Both implants investigated in the prospective cohort studies showed an excellent short-term clinical outcome with good primary stability, but neither their novel form nor the finish with HA protected the implants from the proximal periprosthetic demineralization that usually occurs around other uncemented THA implants.The register studies revealed that HA coating on cups used in primary and revision THA is a risk factor for subsequent revision of the implant. The use of HA coating on the stem in primary THA did not affect long-term survival. Additionally, the shape of an implant plays a crucial role for implant stability and survival.In conclusion, this thesis highlights that the finish of implants with HA coating does not prevent periprosthetic proximal femoral bone loss and can even enhance the risk of revision of both primary and secondary cups. Importantly, the shape of uncemented THA implants affect their stability, showing that the implant form is a crucial factor for the long-term survival.

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