The Architecture of Ivar Tengbom
Sammanfattning: Arkitekten Ivar Tengbom - byggnadskonst på klassiskgrund(The Architecture of Ivar Tengbom). With an Englishsummary. 384 p. Illustrated. Byggförlaget, Stockholm. ISBN91-7988-205-6.Ivar Tengbom (1878-1968) was one of the most prolificSwedish architects of the first decades of the 20th century. Hecombined a large private office with commissions as Professorof architecture at the Royal Academy in Stockholm and asDirector General of the Board of Works. The purpose of thisthesis is to establish a thorough knowledge of Ivar Tengbom'swork and its theoretical background. As a hypothesis, 19thcentury architectural theory is considered to have had a greatimpact on the early development of Swedish architecture in the20th century.Continuously present in Ivar Tengbom's work, is an urge tocombine a rational approach to the arts and crafts with thearchitectural principles of the classical tradition. This urgeis demonstrated in Tengbom's most important buildings - theChurch of Högalid (1911-23), the Stockholm Enskilda Bank(1911-15) and the Stockholm Concert Hall (1920-26). Thesebuildings are studied and interpreted in the main chapters ofthis thesis. Through the interiors of these buildings, largecentral spaces are co-ordinated with demands of structuralclarity and simplicity. This structural approach was drawn fromthe writings of Viollet-le-Duc.However, Ivar Tengbom also stressed the importance of unitybetween his buildings and their surroundings. This contextualapproach was connected with the works of John Ruskin. Theconstruction sites were also organised in accordance withRuskin's notion of "Gothic imperfection". Furthermore,Gottfried Semper's notion of "cladding" was present inTengbom's combination of arts and crafts with modernconstruction.Finally, Ivar Tengbom's approach to architecture can besummarised as a synthesis of the main streams of 19th centuryarchitectural theory. In combining the realist approach to artsand crafts with the architectural principles of the classicaltradition, Ivar Tengbom offered a solution to the contemporarydemands of representing a modern civilisation, based onhistorical knowledge and national development.Keywords:Ivar Tengbom, Architecture, Sweden, 20thCentury, History of Architecture, Theory of Architecture,Restoration.
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