Ready-made-media-actions Lokal produktion och användning av audiovisuella medier inom hälso- och sjukvården

Sammanfattning: A growing global perspective and new technical infrastructure such as the internet give rise to expectations that knowledge and experiences could be shared and mediated between different contexts around the world. In line with this follows an increasing interest in standardization and context-independent ‘learning objects’ that allow content reusability across sites. This dissertation will focus on and argue for knowledge sharing with opposite qualities, where the specific context and the personal and local perspective instead will be central aspects. It's a knowledge sharing where “sender” and “receiver” are closely related and it's based on a socio-cultural perspective where knowledge, context, technology and mediation are deeply interconnected. The arguments are based on two practice based research projects, where interaction designers together with staff members at an intensive care unit and a hand surgery clinic collaboratively designed procedures where locally produced videos is used to enhance and develop the work practice in both these settings. The procedure differs from most ordinary movie production. It is not based on manuscripts or advanced planning, and it's without the more “objective” character common in instruction movies. Digital video technology is rather used to capture a situated and always changing practice, in which staff members film each other in their everyday practice. Making the movies where the work usually gets done helps practitioners elicit what should be told in the movies; what needs to be shown, named and forgrounded. The movies could be about “how to handle medical equipment”, “how to treat a severe wound” or “an articulation of a patient's specific situation and future rehabilitation”. The videos are based on “ready-made” actions already taking place in the everyday environment. Their character is informal and personal and they are later used as support for staff or patients with a close relation to the context. The local production makes it easy to adapt the content to changing circumstances, but it also allows staff members to get a view of how other colleagues perform their everyday work. This creates good opportunities for them to reflect on what they are doing and how their daily work could be improved. In addition to the reflections regarding video production, the PhD thesis will also focus on Participatory Design (PD) and the implications of close collaboration with users. PD is often considered not to lead towards the more innovative and only benefit incremental design processes. In the thesis, arguments will be presented that close PD instead could be based on an approach where designers challenge the users and conduct fruitful “collisions” with them and their environment. It could be “collisions” between values and perspectives, but also between design ideas and the real working context. This is achieved through experiments in the daily practice, where ideas encounter as much resistance as possible with the conflicting artifacts, people and ideas residing in the context.